The EL Framework provides guidelines to help create high-quality experiential learning activities (ELAs) and to ensure that definitions are being used consistently across campus. ELAs must be intentionally designed to align with:
EL Framework
EL Design Principles
These elements help instructors and mentors design the highest impact activities and know that students have achieved their learning outcomes. Note: all principles should be present in the Applied and Professional categories, while only some may be present in Exploratory ELAs.
All ELAs should be designed to reflect three core learning outcomes:
- Authenticity: Students will integrate academic knowledge with real-world experiences and apply classroom learning in practical contexts
- Career Focus: Students will demonstrate career competencies and professional dispositions by applying and strengthening skills such as professionalism, critical thinking, problem-solving, technology, teamwork, and effective communication across varied contexts and perspectives.
- Meaning making: Students will engage in critical reflection to make meaning of their experiences by connecting learning to personal growth, professional goals, ethical reasoning, and/or civic responsibility.
Learning outcomes specific to the ELA should be clearly outlined in the syllabus or program materials, central to the course or program's design, and have clear methods for assessment.
Preparation that provides students with the essential background knowledge, orientation, and skill-building they need to engage in experiences thoughtfully, ethically, and with meaningful purpose.
- Contextual background: Offering historical, cultural, or social context relevant to the experience or community involved.
- Logistical orientation: Informing students of practical details such as schedules, locations, safety protocols, and expectations for conduct.
- Skill development: Teaching specific skills needed for the experience (e.g., communication, conflict resolution, teamwork, or technical tools).
- Goals and intention setting: Helping students articulate personal or academic goals and how they align with the experience.
Development of original products or novel project outcomes, including:
- Final project, report, publication, presentation, exhibition, performance, or paper delivered to a public audience
- Product, plan, or other tangible outcome delivered to a client, community, or employer
Mentorship that provides meaningful opportunities for
- Feedback: Students have regular opportunities to receive feedback, including a final assessment, from an IU faculty or staff mentor, or their delegate, with the expertise necessary to provide supportive guidance throughout the experience.
- Professional network development: Mentorship should facilitate a student’s ability to take the next step in their career by developing a network within and beyond the university.
Reflection activities that encourage students to make connections between new perceptions of self, their learning, and its broader applications.
- There is a wealth of scholarship on best practices in reflection, particularly in community engaged learning. See here.
- Include experience, critical exercises, and reflective practices that prepare students for public/civic life by providing opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of:
- ethical principles, implications of their actions, and different ethical perspectives within their academic discipline and/or broader community;
- their role as professionals in broader civic systems, communities, and society.
Activity Type Characteristics
At IUB, we've identified 12 distinct types of Experiential Learning Activities (ELAs), organized into four broad categories. Each activity type includes a set of characteristics that, along with the design principles above, should be present to ensure consistency and quality across disciplines.
Every ELA must carry at least one activity type attribute. If an activity aligns with multiple types, it may be coded accordingly.
Study Abroad
- By virtue of an existing university-wide approval process already in place for education abroad programs, those associated courses and programs will continue to follow the process for approval set by the Education Abroad office.
Study Away
- The program includes travel that promotes learning in the context of regional or local cultures within the United States.
- A comprehensive contingency and safety plan has been developed with emergency protocols and plans outlined for students and program staff.
- Students should receive pre-departure training and on-going support throughout the program.
Project-based Activity
- Students are actively involved in identifying real-world problems, challenges, or issues that lack predefined solutions or outcomes at the beginning of the project.
- Students engage in sustained inquiry to generate new knowledge and/or innovative or entrepreneurial solutions to complex problems.
- Note: Approval of role-immersive activities (e.g., RTTF), simulations, gaming, and tabletop exercises may depend on the specific nature of the topic, activity, and its role in the course or co-curricular experience. Additionally, a single class session of a role-immersive activity likely does not meet the threshold to receive an ELA designation.
Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity
- The undergraduate research or creative activity project holds the potential to contribute meaningfully to the scholarly or artistic field within the discipline.
- The undergraduate research or creative activity project adheres to ethical guidelines for the responsible conduct of research.
- Projects involving human or animal subjects must undergo IACUC or IRB approval, and both faculty and students must be certified through the appropriate CITI training.
- The undergraduate research or creative activity culminates in a tangible product with a plan for public dissemination through peer-reviewed publications, presentations, exhibitions, or performances.
- Note: While valuable, an introductory course where students build the skills necessary to embark upon a creative endeavor or engage in an experiment with a known scientific outcome for pedagogical purposes does not meet the ELA definition. Additionally, traditional final research papers likely do not constitute an ELA.
Community Engaged Learning
- The course includes a sustained and meaningful collaboration with a community partner, with clearly defined roles and mutual contributions to the learning experience and partner mission.
- Structured reflection is a course activity intentionally built into the course to help students make meaning of their community experience. Students, faculty, and community partners have opportunities to engage with one another throughout the course.
- The course includes intentional strategies to assess both student learning (e.g., civic growth, self-efficacy, academic understanding) and community outcomes (e.g., responsiveness to community needs), with opportunities for community partners to contribute to the evaluation of student work and course impact.
- Note: While immensely valuable to our society, service that benefits only the community, but not the student (or vice versa), does not meet IU's goals as a recipient of the Carnegie Classification for Community Engagement. Extra-curricular volunteerism, unless mentored by IU staff/faculty with stated learning outcomes, reflection, and oversight, is not co-curricular service learning. Similarly, loosely integrated course-based volunteerism (e.g., volunteerism with unclear or vague connection to course learning outcomes and improper support for community contexts) does not meet the goals of the ELA designation.
Student Leadership
- The leadership role enables students to apply their knowledge and skills to lead a group toward achieving a shared objective.
- The learning outcomes are intentionally designed to support the development of leadership skills.
- The leadership role fosters multi-directional influence, with meaningful interactions between the student and faculty/staff mentors.
- The leadership role is maintained for the duration of the semester or equivalent time period.
Clinical, Practicum, and Student Teaching
- Criteria should follow accreditation, certification, or licensing requirements.
Internship
- The internship offers students the opportunity to apply knowledge gained in the classroom, with minimal involvement in routine or menial tasks.
- The learning outcomes are designed to support the student’s academic or professional goals.
- The experience has a defined beginning and end, with a job description and desired qualifications.
- There is supervision by a professional with relevant expertise who provides routine feedback. If offsite, this person communicates with and provides final assessment for IU mentor.
Student Employment
- There is a job description with desired qualifications. Job duties might reflect an “all hands on deck” approach or more menial tasks.
- The learning outcomes include basic career competencies but may not directly reflect the academic or professional goals of the student.
- There is supervision by a professional with relevant expertise who provides routine feedback to guide student development.
- Student Employment as a designated ELA may occur over one or several semesters, even if employment predates or continues past the more intensive ELA period.
- We currently only designate on-campus employers, but we hope to extend this to off-campus employers soon.
Engagement Classifications
Exploratory
Prepares students for authentic applications of learning in career or future ELAs but does not require direct or sustained participation in workplaces or communities. No or limited networking opportunities.
- Examples: Field trips, authentic case studies, simulations, roleplaying, job shadowing and observation, informational interviewing, Q&A with industry professionals, hands-on building or creating within a classroom/university context.
Applied
Direct participation in work practices or authentic applications of learning, either through project-based learning, research, community engagement, or a workplace. Facilitates networking opportunities.
- Examples: Internships, field or work placements, research, or client-led projects alongside or embedded into coursework or as co-curricular experiences. Short-term study abroad.
Professional
Has a defined purpose and sustained authentic application of learning. Generally semester length and may be a culminating experience in a program.
- Examples: Immersive experiences, internships, and professional experiences with high degree of autonomy and responsibility. Semester length study abroad. Sustained undergraduate research that results in significant novel outcomes.
ELA Resource Library
Effective Experiential Learning (EL) design, whether for a course or a co-curricular activity, relies on a close alignment between desired learning outcomes for participants, the authentic evidence used to assess learning, and the design of the learning experience and support structures. By starting with the end in mind, you ensure the entire experience is intentionally structured for deep, high-impact learning. This intentional approach is known as the backward design model (Wiggins & McTigh, 2005).
- Additional resources from the Center for Innovative Teaching & Learning (CITL) to support the assessment of ELAs:
- CITL: Developing Learning Outcomes - Guidance on creating meaningful and measurable learning outcomes.
- Community Engaged Learning Guides and Assessment Tools - Practical resources for designing and evaluating community engaged learning experiences. A list of reflection questions for CEL can be found under CEL Guides.
- Additional resources to help with ELA assessment:
- Reflective Framework for Experiential Learning - A structured approach to creating reflection activities that serve as a key component of assessment and growth.
- General ELA Rubric: a resource for evaluating the key elements that should be included in all ELAs.
- Community Engaged Learning ELA Rubric: a guide for faculty submitting a course for the CEL ELA designation. This website also includes additional resources for developing high-quality CEL courses.
- Student Payment Guidelines - In certain cases, students may receive financial compensation for their participation in ELAs. This guidance helps ensure that all student payments are made in accordance with university policies.
